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Inleiding

Die doel van hierdie hoofstuk is om van die meetkundige en trigonometriese beginsels, wat jy in die verlede teëgekom het, te hersien. Jy moet gemaklik wees met die werk wat behandel word in dié hoofstuk voor jy die Graad 10 Meetkunde Hoofstuk of die Graad 10 Trigonometrie Hoofstuk aanpak. Die hoofstuk hersien die volgende:

  1. Terminologie: vierhoeke, hoekpunte, sye, hoeke, parallele lyne, loodregte lyne, hoeklyne, halveerlyne en snylyne
  2. Ooreenstemmings en verskille tussen driehoeke en vierhoeke
  3. Eienskappe van driehoeke en vierhoeke
  4. Kongruensie
  5. Onderskeid tussen skerphoeke, regte hoeke, stomphoeke, reguitlyne en 'n volle omwenteling
  6. Pythagoras se Teorie, wat gebruik word om die sye van reghoekige driehoeke se lengtes te bereken

Punte en lyne

Die twee eenvoudigste elemente in meetkunde is punte en lyne .

ʼn Punt is ʼn koördinaat wat ʼn posisie in ruimte aandui (óf op ʼn getallelyn, óf in ʼn vlak óf in ʼn drie- of meerdimensionele ruimte) en word voorgestel deur ʼn dot. Punte word gewoonlik aangedui met ʼn hoofletter. ʼn Paar voorbeelde van hoe punte aangedui word, kan gesien word in [link] .

ʼn Lyn is ʼn stel kontinue koördinate in ʼn ruimte en kan gesien word as baie punte wat langs mekaar is. Lyne kan reguit of geboë wees, maar is altyd kontinu en dus is daar geen onderbrekings in lyne nie. Die eindpunte van lynstukke word met hoofletters aangedui. Voorbeelde van twee lyne word in [link] aangetoon.

Voorbeelde van ʼn paar punte (aangedui deur P , Q , R en S ) en ʼn paar lyne (aangedui deur B C en D E )

ʼn Lyn word aangedui deur ʼn beginpunt en ʼn eindpunt. Ons noem ʼn lyn wat begin by punt A en eindig by punt B , A B . Aangsien die lyn van punt B tot punt A dieselfde is as as die lyn van punt A tot die punt B , kan ons sê dat A B = B A .

Die lengte tussen die punte A en B is A B . Dus as ons sê A B = C D word dit bedoel dat die lengte van die lynstuk tussen A en B gelyk is aan die lengte tussen C en D .

ʼn Lyn word gemeet in eenhede van lengte . ʼn Paar voorbeelde van algemene eenhede van lengte word gelys in [link] .

’n Paar algemene eenhede van lengte en hul afkortings
Eenheid van lengte Afkorting
kilometer km
meter m
sentimeter cm
millimeter mm

Hoeke

ʼn Hoek word gevorm as twee lyne in ʼn gemeenskaplike punt ontmoet. Die punt waar twee lyne ontmoet staan bekend as die hoekpunt . Hoeke word aangedui deur ʼn ^ (kappie) bo 'n letter te plaas. Byvoorbeeld, in [link] is daar 'n hoek by B ^ . Hoeke kan ook aangedui word met behulp van die lyn segmente waaruit die hoek bestaan. Byvoorbeeld, in [link] word die hoek gevorm waar die lynsegmente C B en B A mekaar ontmoet. Die hoek kan dus aangedui word deur C B A of A B C . Die simbool dui 'n hoek in meetkunde aan.

Hoeke word gemeet in grade wat aangedui word deur die simbool (byvoorbeeld, 60 ).

Hoeke kan ook gemeet word in radiale. In die hoërskool sal ons slegs grade gebruik, maar in wiskunde op universiteitsvlak sal jy definitief weer radiale teëkom.

Hoek aangedui deur B ^ , C B A of A B C
Voorbeelde van hoeke. A ^ = E ^ , al is die lyne wat die verskillende hoeke vorm van verskillende lengtes

Meting van hoeke

Die grootte van ʼn hoek is onafhanklik van die lengtes van die twee sye wat die hoek onderspan. Dit hang slegs af van hoe die twee lyne relatief tot mekaar geplaas word, soos aangedui in [link] . ʼn Hoek vorm wanneer daar geroteer word om ʼn hoekpunt.

Questions & Answers

What is inflation
Bright Reply
a general and ongoing rise in the level of prices in an economy
AI-Robot
What are the factors that affect demand for a commodity
Florence Reply
price
Kenu
differentiate between demand and supply giving examples
Lambiv Reply
differentiated between demand and supply using examples
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WARKISA
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Lambiv
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appreciation
Eliyee
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Lindiwe Reply
In economics, a perfect market refers to a theoretical construct where all participants have perfect information, goods are homogenous, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and prices are determined solely by supply and demand. It's an idealized model used for analysis,
Ezea
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Shukri Reply
other things being equal
AI-Robot
When MP₁ becomes negative, TP start to decline. Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of lab
Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
Kelo
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Shukri
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Shukri
what is monopoly mean?
Habtamu Reply
What is different between quantity demand and demand?
Shukri Reply
Quantity demanded refers to the specific amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a give price and within a specific time period. Demand, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses the entire relationship between price and quantity demanded
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Economic growth as an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services within an economy.but Economic development as a broader concept that encompasses not only economic growth but also social & human well being.
Shukri
production function means
Jabir
What do you think is more important to focus on when considering inequality ?
Abdisa Reply
any question about economics?
Awais Reply
sir...I just want to ask one question... Define the term contract curve? if you are free please help me to find this answer 🙏
Asui
it is a curve that we get after connecting the pareto optimal combinations of two consumers after their mutually beneficial trade offs
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Asui
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities, where neither p
Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
Cornelius
Suppose a consumer consuming two commodities X and Y has The following utility function u=X0.4 Y0.6. If the price of the X and Y are 2 and 3 respectively and income Constraint is birr 50. A,Calculate quantities of x and y which maximize utility. B,Calculate value of Lagrange multiplier. C,Calculate quantities of X and Y consumed with a given price. D,alculate optimum level of output .
Feyisa Reply
Answer
Feyisa
c
Jabir
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Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]. OpenStax CNX. Aug 04, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11328/1.4
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