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Berekening van die gradiënt van 'n lyn

Die gradiënt van 'n lyn beskryf hoe steil die lyn is, hoe groot die helling van die lyn is. In die figuur hieronder is lyn P T se helling die grootste. Lyn P S is minder steil as P T maar is steiler as P R , en die lyn P R is steiler as P Q .

Die gradiënt van die lyn word gedefinieer as die verhouding tussen die vertikale verandering in posisie en die horisontale verandering in posisie. Dit kan verstaan word deur te kyk na die lyn as dieskuinssy van die reghoekige driehoek. Die gradiënt is die verhouding van die lengte van die vertikale sy van die driehoektot die horisontale sy van die driehoek. Dink aan 'n lyn tussen punt A met koördinate ( x 1 ; y 1 ) en punt B met koördinate ( x 2 ; y 2 ) .

Gradiënt = y 2 - y 1 x 2 - x 1

Ons kan gradiënt gebruik om te bepaal of twee lyne parallel is aan mekaar of loodreg is op mekaar. As die lyne parallel is ( [link] a) sal hulle dieselfde gradiënt hê, byvoorbeeld m AB = m CD . As hulle loodreg is op mekaar, ( [link] b) dan sal: - 1 m AB = m CD

Byvoorbeeld, die gradiënt van die lyn tussen punt P en Q , met koördinate (2;1) en (-2;-2) ( [link] ) is:

Gradiënt = y 2 - y 1 x 2 - x 1 = - 2 - 1 - 2 - 2 = - 3 - 4 = 3 4

Die volgende video bied 'n opsomming van die gradiënt van 'n lyn.

Gradiënt van 'n lyn

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Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]. OpenStax CNX. Aug 04, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11328/1.4
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