20.5 Alternating current versus direct current  (Page 4/10)

Give an example of a use of AC power other than in the household. Similarly, give an example of a use of DC power other than that supplied by batteries.

Why do voltage, current, and power go through zero 120 times per second for 60-Hz AC electricity?

You are riding in a train, gazing into the distance through its window. As close objects streak by, you notice that the nearby fluorescent lights make dashed streaks. Explain.

(a) What is the hot resistance of a 25-W light bulb that runs on 120-V AC? (b) If the bulb’s operating temperature is $\text{2700º}\text{C}$ , what is its resistance at $\text{2600º}\text{C}$ ?

Certain heavy industrial equipment uses AC power that has a peak voltage of 679 V. What is the rms voltage?

A certain circuit breaker trips when the rms current is 15.0 A. What is the corresponding peak current?

Military aircraft use 400-Hz AC power, because it is possible to design lighter-weight equipment at this higher frequency. What is the time for one complete cycle of this power?

A North American tourist takes his 25.0-W, 120-V AC razor to Europe, finds a special adapter, and plugs it into 240 V AC. Assuming constant resistance, what power does the razor consume as it is ruined?

In this problem, you will verify statements made at the end of the power losses for [link] . (a) What current is needed to transmit 100 MW of power at a voltage of 25.0 kV? (b) Find the power loss in a $1\text{.}\text{00 -}\Omega$ transmission line. (c) What percent loss does this represent?

A small office-building air conditioner operates on 408-V AC and consumes 50.0 kW. (a) What is its effective resistance? (b) What is the cost of running the air conditioner during a hot summer month when it is on 8.00 h per day for 30 days and electricity costs $\mathrm{9.00\; cents}\text{/kW}\cdot \text{h}$ ?

What is the peak power consumption of a 120-V AC microwave oven that draws 10.0 A?

What is the peak current through a 500-W room heater that operates on 120-V AC power?

Two different electrical devices have the same power consumption, but one is meant to be operated on 120-V AC and the other on 240-V AC. (a) What is the ratio of their resistances? (b) What is the ratio of their currents? (c) Assuming its resistance is unaffected, by what factor will the power increase if a 120-V AC device is connected to 240-V AC?

Nichrome wire is used in some radiative heaters. (a) Find the resistance needed if the average power output is to be 1.00 kW utilizing 120-V AC. (b) What length of Nichrome wire, having a cross-sectional area of $5.00{\text{mm}}^2$ , is needed if the operating temperature is $\text{500º C}$ ? (c) What power will it draw when first switched on?

Find the time after $t=0$ when the instantaneous voltage of 60-Hz AC first reaches the following values: (a) $V_0/2$ (b) $V_0$ (c) 0.

(a) At what two times in the first period following $t=0$ does the instantaneous voltage in 60-Hz AC equal $V_{\text{rms}}$ ? (b) $-V_{\text{rms}}$ ?