<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

A cyclist pedals to exert a torque on the rear wheel of the bicycle. When the cyclist changes to a higher gear, the torque increases. Which of the following would be the most effective strategy to help you determine the change in angular momentum of the bicycle wheel?

  1. multiplying the ratio between the two torques by the mass of the bicycle and rider
  2. adding the two torques together, and multiplying by the time for which both torques are applied
  3. multiplying the difference in the two torques by the time for which the new torque is applied
  4. multiplying both torques by the mass of the bicycle and rider

(c)

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

An electric screwdriver has two speeds, each of which exerts a different torque on a screw. Describe what calculations you could use to help you compare the angular momentum of a screw at each speed. What measurements would you need to make in order to calculate this?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Why is it important to consider the shape of an object when determining the object's angular momentum?

  1. The shape determines the location of the center of mass. The location of the center of mass in turn determines the angular velocity of the object.
  2. The shape helps you determine the location of the object's outer edge, where rotational velocity will be greatest.
  3. The shape helps you determine the location of the center of rotation.
  4. The shape determines the location of the center of mass. The location of the center of mass contributes to the object's rotational inertia, which contributes to its angular momentum.

(d)

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

How could you collect and analyze data to test the difference between the torques provided by two speeds on a tabletop fan?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Describe a rotational system you could use to demonstrate the effect on the system's angular momentum of applying different amounts of external torque.

A door on hinges is a rotational system. When you push or pull on the door handle, the angular momentum of the system changes. If a weight is hung on the door handle, then pushing on the door with the same force will cause a different increase in angular momentum. If you push or pull near the hinges with the same force, the resulting angular momentum of the system will also be different.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

How could you use simple equipment such as balls and string to study the changes in angular momentum of a system when it interacts with another system?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Section summary

  • Angular momentum L is analogous to linear momentum and is given by L = size 12{L=Iω} {} .
  • Angular momentum is changed by torque, following the relationship net τ = Δ L Δ t .
  • Angular momentum is conserved if the net torque is zero L = constant net τ = 0 or L = L net τ = 0 . This equation is known as the law of conservation of angular momentum, which may be conserved in collisions.

Conceptual questions

Describe two different collisions—one in which angular momentum is conserved, and the other in which it is not. Which condition determines whether or not angular momentum is conserved in a collision?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Suppose an ice hockey puck strikes a hockey stick that lies flat on the ice and is free to move in any direction. Which quantities are likely to be conserved: angular momentum, linear momentum, or kinetic energy (assuming the puck and stick are very resilient)?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

While driving his motorcycle at highway speed, a physics student notices that pulling back lightly on the right handlebar tips the cycle to the left and produces a left turn. Explain why this happens.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Problems&Exercises

Repeat [link] in which the disk strikes and adheres to the stick 0.100 m from the nail.

(a) 0.156 rad/s

(b) 1 . 17 × 10 2 J size 12{1 "." "17" times "10" rSup { size 8{ - 2} } " J"} {}

(c) 0 . 188 kg m/s size 12{0 "." "188 kg" cdot "m/s"} {}

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Repeat [link] in which the disk originally spins clockwise at 1000 rpm and has a radius of 1.50 cm.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Twin skaters approach one another as shown in [link] and lock hands. (a) Calculate their final angular velocity, given each had an initial speed of 2.50 m/s relative to the ice. Each has a mass of 70.0 kg, and each has a center of mass located 0.800 m from their locked hands. You may approximate their moments of inertia to be that of point masses at this radius. (b) Compare the initial kinetic energy and final kinetic energy.

Figure a shows two skaters from the top view approaching each other from opposite directions with velocity v. In figure b two skaters then lock their right hands and start to spin in the clockwise direction with angular velocity omega.
Twin skaters approach each other with identical speeds. Then, the skaters lock hands and spin.

(a) 3.13 rad/s

(b) Initial KE = 438 J, final KE = 438 J

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Suppose a 0.250-kg ball is thrown at 15.0 m/s to a motionless person standing on ice who catches it with an outstretched arm as shown in [link] .

(a) Calculate the final linear velocity of the person, given his mass is 70.0 kg.

(b) What is his angular velocity if each arm is 5.00 kg? You may treat the ball as a point mass and treat the person's arms as uniform rods (each has a length of 0.900 m) and the rest of his body as a uniform cylinder of radius 0.180 m. Neglect the effect of the ball on his center of mass so that his center of mass remains in his geometrical center.

(c) Compare the initial and final total kinetic energies.

Figure a shows a skater through an overhead view with both his hands outstretched. A ball is seen approaching toward him in air with velocity v. Figure b shows that skater catching two balls in his left hand, and then, recoiling toward the left, in clockwise direction, with angular velocity omega and finally, the balls have velocity v prime.
The figure shows the overhead view of a person standing motionless on ice about to catch a ball. Both arms are outstretched. After catching the ball, the skater recoils and rotates.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Repeat [link] in which the stick is free to have translational motion as well as rotational motion.

(a) 1.70 rad/s

(b) Initial KE = 22.5 J, final KE = 2.04 J

(c) 1 . 50 kg m/s size 12{1 "." "50 kg" cdot "m/s"} {}

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Questions & Answers

what does preconceived mean
sammie Reply
physiological Psychology
Nwosu Reply
How can I develope my cognitive domain
Amanyire Reply
why is communication effective
Dakolo Reply
Communication is effective because it allows individuals to share ideas, thoughts, and information with others.
effective communication can lead to improved outcomes in various settings, including personal relationships, business environments, and educational settings. By communicating effectively, individuals can negotiate effectively, solve problems collaboratively, and work towards common goals.
it starts up serve and return practice/assessments.it helps find voice talking therapy also assessments through relaxed conversation.
miss
Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the person begins to jumb back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify the types of learning, if it is classical conditioning identify the NS, UCS, CS and CR. If it is operant conditioning, identify the type of consequence positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment
Wekolamo Reply
please i need answer
Wekolamo
because it helps many people around the world to understand how to interact with other people and understand them well, for example at work (job).
Manix Reply
Agreed 👍 There are many parts of our brains and behaviors, we really need to get to know. Blessings for everyone and happy Sunday!
ARC
A child is a member of community not society elucidate ?
JESSY Reply
Isn't practices worldwide, be it psychology, be it science. isn't much just a false belief of control over something the mind cannot truly comprehend?
Simon Reply
compare and contrast skinner's perspective on personality development on freud
namakula Reply
Skinner skipped the whole unconscious phenomenon and rather emphasized on classical conditioning
war
explain how nature and nurture affect the development and later the productivity of an individual.
Amesalu Reply
nature is an hereditary factor while nurture is an environmental factor which constitute an individual personality. so if an individual's parent has a deviant behavior and was also brought up in an deviant environment, observation of the behavior and the inborn trait we make the individual deviant.
Samuel
I am taking this course because I am hoping that I could somehow learn more about my chosen field of interest and due to the fact that being a PsyD really ignites my passion as an individual the more I hope to learn about developing and literally explore the complexity of my critical thinking skills
Zyryn Reply
good👍
Jonathan
and having a good philosophy of the world is like a sandwich and a peanut butter 👍
Jonathan
generally amnesi how long yrs memory loss
Kelu Reply
interpersonal relationships
Abdulfatai Reply
What would be the best educational aid(s) for gifted kids/savants?
Heidi Reply
treat them normal, if they want help then give them. that will make everyone happy
Saurabh
What are the treatment for autism?
Magret Reply
hello. autism is a umbrella term. autistic kids have different disorder overlapping. for example. a kid may show symptoms of ADHD and also learning disabilities. before treatment please make sure the kid doesn't have physical disabilities like hearing..vision..speech problem. sometimes these
Jharna
continue.. sometimes due to these physical problems..the diagnosis may be misdiagnosed. treatment for autism. well it depends on the severity. since autistic kids have problems in communicating and adopting to the environment.. it's best to expose the child in situations where the child
Jharna
child interact with other kids under doc supervision. play therapy. speech therapy. Engaging in different activities that activate most parts of the brain.. like drawing..painting. matching color board game. string and beads game. the more you interact with the child the more effective
Jharna
results you'll get.. please consult a therapist to know what suits best on your child. and last as a parent. I know sometimes it's overwhelming to guide a special kid. but trust the process and be strong and patient as a parent.
Jharna
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, College physics for ap® courses. OpenStax CNX. Nov 04, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11844/1.14
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'College physics for ap® courses' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask