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Test prep for ap courses
Two particles with charges +2
q and +
q are separated by a distance
r . The +2
q particle has an electric field
E at distance
r and exerts a force
F on the +
q particle. Use this information to answer questions 31–32.
What is the electric field of the +
q particle at the same distance and what force does it exert on the +2
q particle?
-
E /2,
F /2
-
E ,
F /2
-
E /2,
F
-
E ,
F
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When the +
q particle is replaced by a +3
q particle, what will be the electric field and force from the +2
q particle experienced by the +3
q particle?
-
E /3, 3
F
-
E , 3
F
-
E /3,
F
-
E ,
F
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The direction of the electric field of a negative charge is
- inward for both positive and negative charges.
- outward for both positive and negative charges.
- inward for other positive charges and outward for other negative charges.
- outward for other positive charges and inward for other negative charges.
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When a positively charged particle exerts an inward force on another particle
P , what will be the charge of
P ?
- positive
- negative
- neutral
- cannot be determined
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Suppose that the force exerted on an electron is 5.6×10
−17 N, directed to the east.
- Find the magnitude of the electric field that exerts the force.
- What will be the direction of the electric field?
- If the electron is replaced by a proton, what will be the magnitude of force exerted?
- What will be the direction of force on the proton?
(a) 350 N/C, (b) west, (c) 5.6×10−17 N, (d) west.
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Section summary
- The electrostatic force field surrounding a charged object extends out into space in all directions.
- The electrostatic force exerted by a point charge on a test charge at a distance
depends on the charge of both charges, as well as the distance between the two.
- The electric field
is defined to be
where
is the Coulomb or electrostatic force exerted on a small positive test charge
.
has units of N/C.
- The magnitude of the electric field
created by a point charge
is
where
is the distance from
. The electric field
is a vector and fields due to multiple charges add like vectors.
Conceptual questions
Problem exercises
What is the magnitude and direction of an electric field that exerts a
upward force on a
charge?
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What is the magnitude and direction of the force exerted on a
charge by a 250 N/C electric field that points due east?
N
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(a) What magnitude point charge creates a 10,000 N/C electric field at a distance of 0.250 m? (b) How large is the field at 10.0 m?
(a)
(b)
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Calculate the initial (from rest) acceleration of a proton in a
electric field (such as created by a research Van de Graaff). Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for electrostatics.
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(a) Find the direction and magnitude of an electric field that exerts a
westward force on an electron. (b) What magnitude and direction force does this field exert on a proton?
(a)
(b)
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Source:
OpenStax, College physics for ap® courses. OpenStax CNX. Nov 04, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11844/1.14
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