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Buitelandse wisselkoerse - (nie in caps, ingesluit vir volledigheid)

Is $500 ("500 US dollar") per persoon per nag 'n goeie tarief vir 'n hotel in New York? Die eerste vraag wat jy moet vra is “Hoeveel is dit werd in rand?". 'n Vinnige oproep na die plaaslike bank of 'n navraag op die internet (byvoorbeeld by http://www.x-rates.com/ ) vir die dollar/rand wisselkoers gaan vir jou 'n basis gee om die prys te oorweeg.

'n Buitelandse wisselkoers is niks anders nie as die prys van een land se geldeenheid in terme van 'n ander land se geldeenheid. Byvoorbeeld, 'n wisselkoers van R6,18/USD beteken dat $1 vir jou R6,18 sal kos. Met ander woorde, as jy $1 het, kan jy dit verkoop vir R6,18; of as jy $1 wil hê, sal jy R6,18 daarvoor moet betaal.

Wat bepaal wisselkoerse, en watter faktore laat wisselkoerse verander? Hoe beïnvloed dit jou? Hierdie afdeling kyk na die antwoorde op hierdie vrae.

Hoeveel is r1 regtig werd?

Ons kan die prys van 'n geldeenheid in terme van enige ander geldeenheid uitdruk, byvoorbeeld, ons kan die Japanese jen uitdruk in terme van die Indiese rupee. Die VSA dollar (USD), Britse pond (GBP) en die Euro (EUR) is die mees algemene markstandaarde. Jy sal oplet dat die finansiële nuus verslag doen van die Suid-Afrikaanse wisselkoers in terme van hierdie drie groot geldeenhede.

Afkortings en simbole vir sommige bekende geldeenhede
Geldeenheid Afkorting Simbool
Suid-Afrikaanse Rand ZAR R
VSA Dollar USD $
Britse Pond Sterling GBP £

Dus die Suid-Afrikaanse Rand, aangedui deur ZAR, kan op 'n sekere dag aangegee word as as 6,07040 ZAR per USD (o.a. $1,00 kos R6,07040), of 12,2374 ZAR per GBP. Dus as ek $1 000 wil spandeer tydens 'n vakansie in die VSA, sal dit my R6 070,40 kos; en as ek £1 000 wil hê vir 'n naweek in London, sal dit my R12 237,40 kos.

Dit lyk vanselfsprekend, maar kom ons kyk hoe hierdie getalle bereken is: die koers word gegee as ZAR per USD, of ZAR/USD sodat $1,00 'n bedrag van R6,0704 kan koop. Dus, ons moet met 1 000 vermenigvuldig om die aantal rand per $1 000 te bepaal.

Wiskundig,

$ 1 , 00 = R 6 , 0740 1 000 × $ 1 , 00 = 1 000 × R 6 , 0740 = R 6 074 , 00

soos verwag.

Gestel jy het R10 000 gespaar as sakgeld vir dieselfde vakansie en jy wil dit gebruik om VSA dollars (USD) te koop. Hoeveel USD kan jy hiervoor kry? Die koers is in ZAR/USD maar ons wil weet hoeveel USD ons kan kry vir ons Suid-Afrikaanse rand (ZAR). Dit is maklik want ons weet hoeveel $1,00 kos in terme van rand.

$ 1 , 00 = R 6 , 0740 $ 1 , 00 6 , 0740 = R 6 , 0740 6 , 0740 $ 1 , 00 6 , 0740 = R 1 , 00 R 1 , 00 = $ 1 , 00 6 , 0740 = $ 0 , 164636

Soos ons kan sien, is die finale antwoord die omgekeerde van die ZAR/USD koers. Dus, vir R10 000 sal ons kry:

R 1 , 00 = $ 1 , 00 6 , 0740 10 000 × R 1 , 00 = 10 000 × $ 1 , 00 6 , 0740 = $ 1 646 , 36

Ons kan die antwoord as volg kontroleer:

$ 1 , 00 = R 6 , 0740 1 646 , 36 × $ 1 , 00 = 1 646 , 36 × R 6 , 0740 = R 10 000 , 00

Ses van die een en 'n halfdosyn van die ander

Ons het dus twee verskillende maniere om dieselfde wisselkoers uit te druk: rand per dollar (ZAR/USD) en dollar per rand (USD/ZAR). Albei wisselkoerse beteken dieselfde en druk die waarde van een geldeenheid uit in terme van 'n ander geldeenheid. Jy kan maklik van die een na die ander een werk - hulle is omgekeerdes van mekaar.

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Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]. OpenStax CNX. Aug 04, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11328/1.4
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