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This module is from Elementary Algebra by Denny Burzynski and Wade Ellis, Jr. The symbols, notations, and properties of numbers that form the basis of algebra, as well as exponents and the rules of exponents, are introduced in this chapter. Each property of real numbers and the rules of exponents are expressed both symbolically and literally. Literal explanations are included because symbolic explanations alone may be difficult for a student to interpret.This module contains the exercise supplement for the chapter "Basic Properties of Real Numbers".

Exercise supplement

Symbols and notations ( [link] )

For the following problems, simplify the expressions.

9 ( 4 2 ) + 6 ( 8 + 2 ) 3 ( 1 + 4 )

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6 [ 1 + 8 ( 7 + 2 ) ]

438

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( 4 + 17 + 1 ) + 4 14 1

2

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( 4 + 5 ) ( 4 + 6 ) ( 4 + 7 )

79

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8 ( 2 12 ÷ 13 ) + 2 5 11 [ 1 + 4 ( 1 + 2 ) ]

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3 4 + 1 12 ( 3 4 1 2 )

37 48

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88 11 + 99 9 + 1 54 9 22 11

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8 6 2 + 9 9 3 10 4 5

43

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For the following problems, write the appropriate relation symbol ( = , < , > ) in place of the .

9 [ 4 + 3 ( 8 ) ] 6 [ 1 + 8 ( 5 ) ]

252 > 246

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3 ( 1.06 + 2.11 ) 4 ( 11.01 9.06 )

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For the following problems, state whether the letters or symbols are the same or different.

Represent the sum of c and d two different ways.

c + d ; d + c

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For the following problems, use algebraic notataion.

62 divided by f

62 f or 62 ÷ f

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6 times x , minus 2

6 x 2

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x + 1 divided by x 3

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y + 11 divided by y + 10 , minus 12

( y + 11 ) ÷ ( y + 10 ) 12 or y + 11 y + 10 12

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The real number line and the real numbers ( [link] )

Is every natural number a whole number?

yes

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Is every rational number a real number?

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For the following problems, locate the numbers on a number line by placing a point at their (approximate) position.

Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 20. Place a point at all odd integers.

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Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 10 . Place a point at all negative odd integers and at all even positive integers.

A number line with arrows on each end, labeled from negative ten to ten in increments of two. There are closed circles at negative nine, negative seven, negative five, negative three, negative one, two, four, six, eight, and ten.

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Draw a number line that extends from 5 to 10 . Place a point at all integers that are greater then or equal to 2 but strictly less than 5.

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Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 10 . Place a point at all real numbers that are strictly greater than 8 but less than or equal to 7.

A number line with arrows on each end, labeled from negative ten to ten in increments of two. There is a closed circle at seven and an open circle at negative eight, with a black shaded line connecting the two circles.

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Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 10 . Place a point at all real numbers between and including 6 and 4.

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For the following problems, write the appropriate relation symbol ( = , < , > ).

8 5

8 < 5

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Is there a smallest two digit integer? If so, what is it?

yes, 99

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Is there a smallest two digit real number? If so, what is it?

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For the following problems, what integers can replace x so that the statements are true?

4 x 7

4 , 5 , 6 , or 7

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3 < x 2

2 , 1 , 0 , 1 , or 2

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The temperature today in Los Angeles was eighty-two degrees. Represent this temperature by real number.

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The temperature today in Marbelhead was six degrees below zero. Represent this temperature by real number.

6 °

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On the number line, how many units between 3 and 2?

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On the number line, how many units between 4 and 0?

4

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Properties of the real numbers ( [link] )

a + b = b + a is an illustration of the property of addition.

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s t = t s is an illustration of the __________ property of __________.

commutative, multiplication

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Use the commutative properties of addition and multiplication to write equivalent expressions for the following problems.

2 ( a 1 )

( a 1 ) 2

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( 6 ) ( 9 ) ( 2 )

( 9 ) ( 6 ) ( 2 ) or  ( 9 ) ( 2 ) ( 6 ) or ( 6 ) ( 2 ) ( 9 ) or ( 2 ) ( 9 ) ( 6 )

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Simplify the following problems using the commutative property of multiplication. You need not use the distributive property.

3 ( x + 2 ) 5 ( x 1 ) 0 ( x + 6 )

0

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8 b ( a 6 ) 9 a ( a 4 )

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For the following problems, use the distributive property to expand the expressions.

2 g ( 4 h + 2 k )

8 g h + 4 g k

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3 y ( 2 x + 4 z + 5 w )

6 x y + 12 y z + 15 w y

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( x + y ) ( 4 a + 3 b )

4 a x + 3 b x + 4 a y + 3 b y

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Exponents ( [link] )

For the following problems, write the expressions using exponential notation.

( a + 2 b ) squared minus ( a + 3 b ) to the fourth.

( a + 2 b ) 2 ( a + 3 b ) 4

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x cubed plus 2 times ( y x ) to the seventh.

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( 8 ) ( 8 ) ( 8 ) ( 8 ) x x x y y y y y

( 8 ) 4 x 3 y 5

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( x 9 ) ( x 9 ) + ( 3 x + 1 ) ( 3 x + 1 ) ( 3 x + 1 )

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2 z z y z y y y + 7 z z y z ( a 6 ) 2 ( a 6 )

2 y 4 z 3 + 7 y z 3 ( a 6 ) 3

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For the following problems, expand the terms so that no exponents appear.

( 4 b ) 2

4 b · 4 b

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( 6 a 2 ) 3 ( 5 c 4 ) 2

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( x 3 + 7 ) 2 ( y 2 3 ) 3 ( z + 10 )

( x x x + 7 ) ( x x x + 7 ) ( y y 3 ) ( y y 3 ) ( y y 3 ) ( z + 10 )

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Choose values for a and b to show that

  1. ( a + b ) 2 is not always equal to a 2 + b 2 .
  2. ( a + b ) 2 may be equal to a 2 + b 2 .
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Choose value for x to show that

  1. ( 4 x ) 2 is not always equal to 4 x 2 .
  2. ( 4 x ) 2 may be equal to 4 x 2 .

(a) any value except zero

(b) only zero

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Rules of exponents ( [link] ) - the power rules for exponents ( [link] )

Simplify the following problems.

1 8 + 0 10 + 3 2 ( 4 2 + 2 3 )

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12 2 + 0.3 ( 11 ) 2

180.3

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6 2 + 3 2 2 2 + 1 + ( 1 + 4 ) 2 2 3 1 4 2 5 4 2

10

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4 a 3 b 2 c 8 3 a b 2 c 0

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( 6 x 4 y 10 ) ( x y 3 )

6 x 5 y 13

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( 3 x y z 2 ) ( 2 x 2 y 3 ) ( 4 x 2 y 2 z 4 )

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( 3 4 x 8 y 6 z 0 a 10 b 15 ) 2

9 16 x 16 y 12 a 20 b 30

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14 a 4 b 6 c 7 2 a b 3 c 2

7 a 3 b 3 c 5

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a 3 b 7 a 9 b 6 a 5 b 10

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( x 4 y 6 z 10 ) 4 ( x y 5 z 7 ) 3

x 13 y 9 z 19

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( 2 x 1 ) 13 ( 2 x + 5 ) 5 ( 2 x 1 ) 10 ( 2 x + 5 )

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( 3 x 2 4 y 3 ) 2

9 x 4 16 y 6

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( x + y ) 9 ( x y ) 4 ( x + y ) 3

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6 b 2 n + 7 8 b 5 n + 2

48 b 7 n + 9

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18 x 4 n + 9 2 x 2 n + 1

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( x 5 t y 4 r ) 7

x 35 t y 28 r

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( a 2 n b 3 m c 4 p ) 6 r

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Questions & Answers

calculate molarity of NaOH solution when 25.0ml of NaOH titrated with 27.2ml of 0.2m H2SO4
Gasin Reply
what's Thermochemistry
rhoda Reply
the study of the heat energy which is associated with chemical reactions
Kaddija
How was CH4 and o2 was able to produce (Co2)and (H2o
Edafe Reply
explain please
Victory
First twenty elements with their valences
Martine Reply
what is chemistry
asue Reply
what is atom
asue
what is the best way to define periodic table for jamb
Damilola Reply
what is the change of matter from one state to another
Elijah Reply
what is isolation of organic compounds
IKyernum Reply
what is atomic radius
ThankGod Reply
Read Chapter 6, section 5
Dr
Read Chapter 6, section 5
Kareem
Atomic radius is the radius of the atom and is also called the orbital radius
Kareem
atomic radius is the distance between the nucleus of an atom and its valence shell
Amos
Read Chapter 6, section 5
paulino
Bohr's model of the theory atom
Ayom Reply
is there a question?
Dr
when a gas is compressed why it becomes hot?
ATOMIC
It has no oxygen then
Goldyei
read the chapter on thermochemistry...the sections on "PV" work and the First Law of Thermodynamics should help..
Dr
Which element react with water
Mukthar Reply
Mgo
Ibeh
an increase in the pressure of a gas results in the decrease of its
Valentina Reply
definition of the periodic table
Cosmos Reply
What is the lkenes
Da Reply
what were atoms composed of?
Moses Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. May 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10614/1.3
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