Question 7 / 8: 

Consider the case-control study below to answer Questions 6 and 7

Maternal coffee and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, parental smoking and risk of childhood leukemia

Florence Menegaux et al. Cancer Detection and Prevention 29 (2005) 487-493. Accessed from PubMed.gov

We investigated the role of maternal alcohol and coffee drinking and parental

smoking on the risk of childhood acute leukemia in a multicenter case-control study. Methods: The study

included 280 incident cases and 288 hospitalized controls, frequency matched with the cases by age,

In conducting the face-to-face standardized interviews, what form of bias would you want to be sure the investigators avoided? How would you assure yourself that they did avoid this bias?
Answer: 
Case-control studies are prone to recall bias. This is when a mother of a child with

leukemia "recalls" coffee consumption during pregnancy differently from a mother whose

child does not have leukemia. You would want to know that at the time of the face-to-face

interviews that the parents responding were not aware of the study hypothesis because

that could influence how mothers reported their coffee consumption during pregnancy. If

they thought the investigators suspected that coffee consumption increase the risk of

leukemia, the mothers whose children were diagnosed with leukemia might report less (or

more) coffee consumption than actually occurred. This could be done by embedding the

coffee questions in a general survey about eating and exercise habits during pregnancy.

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Epidemiology & Biostatistics Case-control Studies

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Attribution:  Janet, E.A. Forrester, Kwan Ho Kenneth Chui, Steven Cohen, Michael D. Kneeland, Alice Tang, David Tybor. Epidemiology and Biostatistics 2010. (Tufts University OpenCourseWare), http://ocw.tufts.edu/Course/65/ (Accessed 3 May, 2014). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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