A&P Key Terms 01 Human Body Anatomy & Physiology

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Blood pressure

This photo shows a nurse taking a woman’s blood pressure with a blood pressure cuff. The nurse is pumping the cuff with her right hand and holding a stethoscope on the patient’s arm with her left hand.
A proficiency in anatomy and physiology is fundamental to any career in the health professions. (credit: Bryan Mason/flickr)

Chapter objectives

After studying this chapter, you will be able to:

  • Distinguish between anatomy and physiology, and identify several branches of each
  • Describe the structure of the body, from simplest to most complex, in terms of the six levels of organization
  • Identify the functional characteristics of human life
  • Identify the four requirements for human survival
  • Define homeostasis and explain its importance to normal human functioning
  • Use appropriate anatomical terminology to identify key body structures, body regions, and directions in the body
  • Compare and contrast at least four medical imagining techniques in terms of their function and use in medicine

Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.

This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.

Key Terms PDF eBook: 
A&P Key Terms 01 Human Body Anatomy & Physiology
Download Human Body Key Terms PDF eBook
69 Pages
2015
English US
Educational Materials



Sample Questions from the A&P Key Terms 01 Human Body Anatomy & Physiology Key Terms

Question: anterior cavity

Choices:

larger body cavity located anterior to the posterior (dorsal) body cavity; includes the serous membrane-lined pleural cavities for the lungs, pericardial cavity for the heart, and peritoneal cavity for the abdominal and pelvic organs; also referred to as ventral cavity

Question: anabolism

Choices:

assembly of more complex molecules from simpler molecules

Question: cell

Choices:

smallest independently functioning unit of all organisms; in animals, a cell contains cytoplasm, composed of fluid and organelles

Question: anatomy

Choices:

science that studies the form and composition of the body's structures

Question: control center

Choices:

compares values to their normal range; deviations cause the activation of an effector

Question: abdominopelvic cavity

Choices:

division of the anterior (ventral) cavity that houses the abdominal and pelvic viscera

Question: catabolism

Choices:

breaking down of more complex molecules into simpler molecules

Question: anatomical position

Choices:

standard reference position used for describing locations and directions on the human body

Question: anterior

Choices:

describes the front or direction toward the front of the body; also referred to as ventral

Question: computed tomography (CT)

Choices:

medical imaging technique in which a computer-enhanced cross-sectional X-ray image is obtained

Question: caudal

Choices:

describes a position below or lower than another part of the body proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal column); also referred to as inferior

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Disclaimer:  This course does NOT provide the education or experience needed for the diagnosing or treating any medical condition, all site contents are provided as general information only and should not be taken as a medical advice.
Source:  Human Body OpenStax College. Anatomy & Physiology, Download for free at http://cnx.org/contents/14fb4ad7-39a1-4eee-ab6e-3ef2482e3e22@7.25
Brooke Delaney
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Yasser Ibrahim
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