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This module is from Elementary Algebra by Denny Burzynski and Wade Ellis, Jr. The symbols, notations, and properties of numbers that form the basis of algebra, as well as exponents and the rules of exponents, are introduced in this chapter. Each property of real numbers and the rules of exponents are expressed both symbolically and literally. Literal explanations are included because symbolic explanations alone may be difficult for a student to interpret.This module contains the exercise supplement for the chapter "Basic Properties of Real Numbers".

Exercise supplement

Symbols and notations ( [link] )

For the following problems, simplify the expressions.

9 ( 4 2 ) + 6 ( 8 + 2 ) 3 ( 1 + 4 )

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6 [ 1 + 8 ( 7 + 2 ) ]

438

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( 4 + 17 + 1 ) + 4 14 1

2

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( 4 + 5 ) ( 4 + 6 ) ( 4 + 7 )

79

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8 ( 2 12 ÷ 13 ) + 2 5 11 [ 1 + 4 ( 1 + 2 ) ]

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3 4 + 1 12 ( 3 4 1 2 )

37 48

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88 11 + 99 9 + 1 54 9 22 11

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8 6 2 + 9 9 3 10 4 5

43

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For the following problems, write the appropriate relation symbol ( = , < , > ) in place of the .

9 [ 4 + 3 ( 8 ) ] 6 [ 1 + 8 ( 5 ) ]

252 > 246

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3 ( 1.06 + 2.11 ) 4 ( 11.01 9.06 )

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For the following problems, state whether the letters or symbols are the same or different.

Represent the sum of c and d two different ways.

c + d ; d + c

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For the following problems, use algebraic notataion.

62 divided by f

62 f or 62 ÷ f

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6 times x , minus 2

6 x 2

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x + 1 divided by x 3

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y + 11 divided by y + 10 , minus 12

( y + 11 ) ÷ ( y + 10 ) 12 or y + 11 y + 10 12

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The real number line and the real numbers ( [link] )

Is every natural number a whole number?

yes

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Is every rational number a real number?

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For the following problems, locate the numbers on a number line by placing a point at their (approximate) position.

Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 20. Place a point at all odd integers.

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Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 10 . Place a point at all negative odd integers and at all even positive integers.

A number line with arrows on each end, labeled from negative ten to ten in increments of two. There are closed circles at negative nine, negative seven, negative five, negative three, negative one, two, four, six, eight, and ten.

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Draw a number line that extends from 5 to 10 . Place a point at all integers that are greater then or equal to 2 but strictly less than 5.

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Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 10 . Place a point at all real numbers that are strictly greater than 8 but less than or equal to 7.

A number line with arrows on each end, labeled from negative ten to ten in increments of two. There is a closed circle at seven and an open circle at negative eight, with a black shaded line connecting the two circles.

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Draw a number line that extends from 10 to 10 . Place a point at all real numbers between and including 6 and 4.

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For the following problems, write the appropriate relation symbol ( = , < , > ).

8 5

8 < 5

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Is there a smallest two digit integer? If so, what is it?

yes, 99

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Is there a smallest two digit real number? If so, what is it?

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For the following problems, what integers can replace x so that the statements are true?

4 x 7

4 , 5 , 6 , or 7

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3 < x 2

2 , 1 , 0 , 1 , or 2

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The temperature today in Los Angeles was eighty-two degrees. Represent this temperature by real number.

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The temperature today in Marbelhead was six degrees below zero. Represent this temperature by real number.

6 °

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On the number line, how many units between 3 and 2?

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On the number line, how many units between 4 and 0?

4

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Properties of the real numbers ( [link] )

a + b = b + a is an illustration of the property of addition.

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s t = t s is an illustration of the __________ property of __________.

commutative, multiplication

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Use the commutative properties of addition and multiplication to write equivalent expressions for the following problems.

2 ( a 1 )

( a 1 ) 2

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( 6 ) ( 9 ) ( 2 )

( 9 ) ( 6 ) ( 2 ) or  ( 9 ) ( 2 ) ( 6 ) or ( 6 ) ( 2 ) ( 9 ) or ( 2 ) ( 9 ) ( 6 )

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Simplify the following problems using the commutative property of multiplication. You need not use the distributive property.

3 ( x + 2 ) 5 ( x 1 ) 0 ( x + 6 )

0

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8 b ( a 6 ) 9 a ( a 4 )

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For the following problems, use the distributive property to expand the expressions.

2 g ( 4 h + 2 k )

8 g h + 4 g k

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3 y ( 2 x + 4 z + 5 w )

6 x y + 12 y z + 15 w y

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( x + y ) ( 4 a + 3 b )

4 a x + 3 b x + 4 a y + 3 b y

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Exponents ( [link] )

For the following problems, write the expressions using exponential notation.

( a + 2 b ) squared minus ( a + 3 b ) to the fourth.

( a + 2 b ) 2 ( a + 3 b ) 4

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x cubed plus 2 times ( y x ) to the seventh.

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( 8 ) ( 8 ) ( 8 ) ( 8 ) x x x y y y y y

( 8 ) 4 x 3 y 5

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( x 9 ) ( x 9 ) + ( 3 x + 1 ) ( 3 x + 1 ) ( 3 x + 1 )

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2 z z y z y y y + 7 z z y z ( a 6 ) 2 ( a 6 )

2 y 4 z 3 + 7 y z 3 ( a 6 ) 3

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For the following problems, expand the terms so that no exponents appear.

( 4 b ) 2

4 b · 4 b

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( 6 a 2 ) 3 ( 5 c 4 ) 2

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( x 3 + 7 ) 2 ( y 2 3 ) 3 ( z + 10 )

( x x x + 7 ) ( x x x + 7 ) ( y y 3 ) ( y y 3 ) ( y y 3 ) ( z + 10 )

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Choose values for a and b to show that

  1. ( a + b ) 2 is not always equal to a 2 + b 2 .
  2. ( a + b ) 2 may be equal to a 2 + b 2 .
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Choose value for x to show that

  1. ( 4 x ) 2 is not always equal to 4 x 2 .
  2. ( 4 x ) 2 may be equal to 4 x 2 .

(a) any value except zero

(b) only zero

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Rules of exponents ( [link] ) - the power rules for exponents ( [link] )

Simplify the following problems.

1 8 + 0 10 + 3 2 ( 4 2 + 2 3 )

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12 2 + 0.3 ( 11 ) 2

180.3

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6 2 + 3 2 2 2 + 1 + ( 1 + 4 ) 2 2 3 1 4 2 5 4 2

10

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4 a 3 b 2 c 8 3 a b 2 c 0

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( 6 x 4 y 10 ) ( x y 3 )

6 x 5 y 13

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( 3 x y z 2 ) ( 2 x 2 y 3 ) ( 4 x 2 y 2 z 4 )

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( 3 4 x 8 y 6 z 0 a 10 b 15 ) 2

9 16 x 16 y 12 a 20 b 30

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14 a 4 b 6 c 7 2 a b 3 c 2

7 a 3 b 3 c 5

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a 3 b 7 a 9 b 6 a 5 b 10

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( x 4 y 6 z 10 ) 4 ( x y 5 z 7 ) 3

x 13 y 9 z 19

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( 2 x 1 ) 13 ( 2 x + 5 ) 5 ( 2 x 1 ) 10 ( 2 x + 5 )

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( 3 x 2 4 y 3 ) 2

9 x 4 16 y 6

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( x + y ) 9 ( x y ) 4 ( x + y ) 3

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6 b 2 n + 7 8 b 5 n + 2

48 b 7 n + 9

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18 x 4 n + 9 2 x 2 n + 1

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( x 5 t y 4 r ) 7

x 35 t y 28 r

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( a 2 n b 3 m c 4 p ) 6 r

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Questions & Answers

Ayele, K., 2003. Introductory Economics, 3rd ed., Addis Ababa.
Widad Reply
can you send the book attached ?
Ariel
?
Ariel
What is economics
Widad Reply
the study of how humans make choices under conditions of scarcity
AI-Robot
U(x,y) = (x×y)1/2 find mu of x for y
Desalegn Reply
U(x,y) = (x×y)1/2 find mu of x for y
Desalegn
what is ecnomics
Jan Reply
this is the study of how the society manages it's scarce resources
Belonwu
what is macroeconomic
John Reply
macroeconomic is the branch of economics which studies actions, scale, activities and behaviour of the aggregate economy as a whole.
husaini
etc
husaini
difference between firm and industry
husaini Reply
what's the difference between a firm and an industry
Abdul
firm is the unit which transform inputs to output where as industry contain combination of firms with similar production 😅😅
Abdulraufu
Suppose the demand function that a firm faces shifted from Qd  120 3P to Qd  90  3P and the supply function has shifted from QS  20  2P to QS 10  2P . a) Find the effect of this change on price and quantity. b) Which of the changes in demand and supply is higher?
Toofiq Reply
explain standard reason why economic is a science
innocent Reply
factors influencing supply
Petrus Reply
what is economic.
Milan Reply
scares means__________________ends resources. unlimited
Jan
economics is a science that studies human behaviour as a relationship b/w ends and scares means which have alternative uses
Jan
calculate the profit maximizing for demand and supply
Zarshad Reply
Why qualify 28 supplies
Milan
what are explicit costs
Nomsa Reply
out-of-pocket costs for a firm, for example, payments for wages and salaries, rent, or materials
AI-Robot
concepts of supply in microeconomics
David Reply
economic overview notes
Amahle Reply
identify a demand and a supply curve
Salome Reply
i don't know
Parul
there's a difference
Aryan
Demand curve shows that how supply and others conditions affect on demand of a particular thing and what percent demand increase whith increase of supply of goods
Israr
Hi Sir please how do u calculate Cross elastic demand and income elastic demand?
Abari
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. May 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10614/1.3
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