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x / 0 Is undefined or indeterminant

Division by 0 is undefined or indeterminant.

Do not divide by 0.

Rational numbers have decimal representations that either terminate or do not terminate but contain a repeating block of digits. Some examples are:

3 4 = 0.75 Terminating 15 11 = 1.36363636 Nonterminating, but repeating

Some rational numbers are graphed below.

Graphs of rational numbers negative nine over two, negative five over three, negative one over eight, zero, two, and two and one fourth plotted on a number line.

Irrational numbers

The irrational numbers ( I r ) : Irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be written as the quotient of two integers. They are numbers whose decimal representations are nonterminating and nonrepeating. Some examples are

4.01001000100001 π = 3.1415927

Notice that the collections of rational numbers and irrational numbers have no numbers in common.

When graphed on the number line, the rational and irrational numbers account for every point on the number line. Thus each point on the number line has a coordinate that is either a rational or an irrational number.

In summary, we have

Sample set a

The summaray chart illustrates that

A rectangle labeled as Real numbers is divided into two parts, labeled as Rational numbers, and Irrational numbers, respectively. The part labeled as Rational number has three more rectangles placed one inside the other. These rectangles are labeled: the outermost as integers, the innermost as natural numbers, and the middle one as whole numbers. This illustrates that all real numbers are primarily classified as rational and irrational numbers.  And that all the natural numbers are whole numbers, all the whole numbers are integers, and all the integers are rational numbers. But the vice versa is not true.

Every natural number is a real number.

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Every whole number is a real number.

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No integer is an irrational number.

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Practice set a

Is every natural number a whole number?

yes

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Is every whole number an integer?

yes

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Is every integer a rational number?

yes

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Is every rational number a real number?

yes

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Is every integer a natural number?

no

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Is there an integer that is a natural number?

yes

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Ordering the real numbers

Ordering the real numbers

A real number b is said to be greater than a real number a , denoted b > a , if the graph of b is to the right of the graph of a on the number line.

Sample set b

As we would expect, 5 > 2 since 5 is to the right of 2 on the number line. Also, 2 > 5 since 2 is to the right of 5 on the number line.

Graphs of numbers negative five, negative two, five, and two plotted on a number line. The number line has arrows on each side, and is labeled from negative five to five in increments of one. The number line explains that negative two is greater than negative five, and five is greater than two.

Practice set b

Are all positive numbers greater than 0?

yes

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Are all positive numbers greater than all negative numbers?

yes

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Is 0 greater than all negative numbers?

yes

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Is there a largest positive number? Is there a smallest negative number?

no, no

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How many real numbers are there? How many real numbers are there between 0 and 1?

infinitely many, infinitely many

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Sample set c

What integers can replace x so that the following statement is true?

4 x < 2

This statement indicates that the number represented by x is between 4 and 2. Specifically, 4 is less than or equal to x , and at the same time, x is strictly less than 2. This statement is an example of a compound inequality.

Graphs of integers negative five to one plotted on a number line. The number line has arrows on each side, and is labeled from negative five to five in increments of one.

The integers are 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 0 , 1 .

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Draw a number line that extends from 3 to 7. Place points at all whole numbers between and including 2 and 6.

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Draw a number line that extends from 4 to 6 and place points at all real numbers greater than or equal to 3 but strictly less than 5.

Graphs of whole numbers between and including negative two and six plotted on a number line. The number line has arrows on each side, and is labeled from negative three to seven in increments of one. Negative two and negative one are not whole numbers, therefore they are not included in the graph.

It is customary to use a closed circle to indicate that a point is included in the graph and an open circle to indicate that a point is not included.

A number line with arrows on each end, and labeled from negative four to six in increments of one. There is a closed circle at three, and an open circle at five. These two circles are connected by a black line.

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Practice set c

What whole numbers can replace x so that the following statement is true?

3 x < 3

0, 1, 2

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Draw a number line that extends from 5 to 3 and place points at all numbers greater than or equal to 4 but strictly less than 2.

A horizontal line with arrows on both the ends.

A number line with arrows on each end, and labeled from negative five to three in increments of one. There is a closed circle at negative four and an open circle at two. These two circles are connected by a black line.

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Exercises

For the following problems, next to each real number, note all collections to which it belongs by writing N for natural numbers, W for whole numbers, Z for integers, Q for rational numbers, I r for irrational numbers, and R for real numbers. Some numbers may require more than one letter.

0

W , Z , Q , R

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For the following problems, draw a number line that extends from 3 to 3. Locate each real number on the number line by placing a point (closed circle) at its approximate location.

Is 0 a positive number, negative number, neither, or both?

neither

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An integer is an even integer if it can be divided by 2 without a remainder; otherwise the number is odd. Draw a number line that extends from 5 to 5 and place points at all negative even integers and at all positive odd integers.

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Draw a number line that extends from 5 to 5. Place points at all integers strictly greater than 3 but strictly less than 4.

A number line with arrows on each side, labeled from negative five to five in increments of one. The graphs of the integers negative two to three are plotted on the number line.

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For the following problems, draw a number line that extends from 5 to 5. Place points at all real numbers between and including each pair of numbers.

Draw a number line that extends from 5 to 5. Is it possible to locate any numbers that are strictly greater than 3 but also strictly less than 2 ?

A number line with arrows on each end, labeled from negative five to five, in increments of one. There are open circles at negative two and three with a dark shaded arrow to the left of negative two and right of three. ; no

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For the pairs of real numbers shown in the following problems, write the appropriate relation symbol ( < , > , = ) in place of the .

Is there a largest real number? If so, what is it?

no

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Is there a largest integer? If so, what is it?

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Is there a largest two-digit integer? If so, what is it?

99

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Is there a smallest integer? If so, what is it?

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Is there a smallest whole number? If so, what is it?

yes, 0

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For the following problems, what numbers can replace x so that the following statements are true?

1 x 5 x an integer

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7 < x < 1 , x an integer

6 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2

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3 x 2 , x a natural number

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15 < x 1 , x a natural number

There are no natural numbers between −15 and −1.

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5 x < 5 , x a whole number

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The temperature in the desert today was ninety-five degrees. Represent this temperature by a rational number.

( 95 1 ) °

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The temperature today in Colorado Springs was eight degrees below zero. Represent this temperature with a real number.

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Is every integer a rational number?

Yes, every integer is a rational number.

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Is every rational number an integer?

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Can two rational numbers be added together to yield an integer? If so, give an example.

Yes. 1 2 + 1 2 = 1 or 1 + 1 = 2

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For the following problems, on the number line, how many units (intervals) are there between?

m and n , m > n ?

m n units

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a and b , b > a ?

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Exercises for review

( [link] ) Find the value of 6 + 3 ( 15 8 ) 4 .

23

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( [link] ) Find the value of 5 ( 8 6 ) + 3 ( 5 + 2 3 ) .

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( [link] ) Are the statements y < 4 and y 4 the same or different?

different

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( [link] ) Use algebraic notation to write the statement "six times a number is less than or equal to eleven."

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( [link] ) Is the statement 8 ( 15 3 4 ) 3 7 3 true or false?

true

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Questions & Answers

Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
Kate Reply
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Kate Reply
what is the change in momentum of a body?
Eunice Reply
what is a capacitor?
Raymond Reply
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
Maria Reply
please solve
Sharon
8m/s²
Aishat
What is Thermodynamics
Muordit
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
Saheed Reply
50 m/s due south east
Someone
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
Ramon Reply
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
Someone
definitely of physics
Haryormhidey Reply
how many start and codon
Esrael Reply
what is field
Felix Reply
physics, biology and chemistry this is my Field
ALIYU
field is a region of space under the influence of some physical properties
Collete
what is ogarnic chemistry
WISDOM Reply
determine the slope giving that 3y+ 2x-14=0
WISDOM
Another formula for Acceleration
Belty Reply
a=v/t. a=f/m a
IHUMA
innocent
Adah
pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
Nassze Reply
how do lnternal energy measures
Esrael
Two bodies attract each other electrically. Do they both have to be charged? Answer the same question if the bodies repel one another.
JALLAH Reply
No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you. Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
What is specific heat capacity
Destiny Reply
Specific heat capacity is a measure of the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It is measured in Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius (J/kg°C).
AI-Robot
specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius or kelvin
ROKEEB
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. May 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10614/1.3
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