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4 x 3 y 5 2 x y 3 is a binomial of degree 8. The degree of the first term is 8.

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3 x + 10 is a binomial of degree 1.

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Linear quadratic cubic

Polynomials of the first degree are called linear polynomials.
Polynomials of the second degree are called quadratic polynomials.
Polynomials of the third degree are called cubic polynomials.
Polynomials of the fourth degree are called fourth degree polynomials.
Polynomials of the n th degree are called n th degree polynomials.
Nonzero constants are polynomials of the 0th degree.

Some examples of these polynomials follow:

4 x 9 is a linear polynomial.

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3 x 2 + 5 x 7 is a quadratic polynomial.

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8 y 2 x 3 is a cubic polynomial.

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16 a 2 32 a 5 64 is a 5th degree polynomial.

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x 12 y 12 is a 12th degree polynomial.

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7 x 5 y 7 z 3 2 x 4 y 7 z + x 3 y 7 is a 15th degree polynomial. The first term is of degree 5 + 7 + 3 = 15 .

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43 is a 0th degree polynomial.

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Classification of polynomial equations

As we know, an equation is composed of two algebraic expressions separated by an equal sign. If the two expressions happen to be polynomial expressions, then we can classify the equation according to its degree. Classification of equations by degree is useful since equations of the same degree have the same type of graph. (We will study graphs of equations in Chapter 6.)

The degree of an equation is the degree of the highest degree expression.

Sample set a

x + 7 = 15 .

This is a linear equation since it is of degree 1, the degree of the expression on the left of the " = " sign.

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5 x 2 + 2 x 7 = 4 is a quadratic equation since it is of degree 2.

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9 x 3 8 = 5 x 2 + 1 is a cubic equation since it is of degree 3. The expression on the left of the " = " sign is of degree 3.

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y 4 x 4 = 0 is a 4th degree equation.

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a 5 3 a 4 = a 3 + 6 a 4 7 is a 5th degree equation.

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y = 2 3 x + 3 is a linear equation.

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y = 3 x 2 1 is a quadratic equation.

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x 2 y 2 4 = 0 is a 4th degree equation. The degree of x 2 y 2 4 is 2 + 2 = 4 .

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Practice set a

Classify the following equations in terms of their degree.

3 x + 6 = 0

first, or linear

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9 x 2 + 5 x 6 = 3

quadratic

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25 y 3 + y = 9 y 2 17 y + 4

cubic

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5 x 7 = 3 x 5 2 x 8 + 11 x 9

eighth degree

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Exercises

For the following problems, classify each polynomial as a monomial, binomial, or trinomial. State the degree of each polynomial and write the numerical coefficient of each term.

5 x + 7

binomial; first (linear); 5 , 7

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4 x 2 + 9

binomial; second (quadratic); 4 , 9

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a 4 + 1

binomial; fourth; 1 , 1

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5 x

monomial; first (linear); 5

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5 x 3 + 2 x + 3

trinomial; third (cubic); 5 , 2 , 3

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41 a 3 + 22 a 2 + a

trinomial; third (cubic); 41 , 22 , 1

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2 c 6 + 0

monomial; sixth; 2

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9 g

monomial; first (linear); 9

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3 y z 6 y + 11

trinomial; second (quadratic); 3 , 6 , 11

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7 a b 2 c 2 + 2 a 2 b 3 c 5 + a 14

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x 4 y 3 z 2 + 9 z

binomial; ninth; 1 , 9

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6 + 3 x 2 y 5 b

binomial; eighth; 6 , 3

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9 + 3 x 2 + 2 x y 6 z 2

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3 x 2 y 0 z 4 + 12 z 3 , y 0

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4 x y 3 z 5 w 0 , w 0

monomial; ninth; 4

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Classify each of the equations for the following problems by degree. If the term linear, quadratic, or cubic applies, state it.

9 z = 12 x 18

linear

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y 5 + y 3 = 3 y 2 + 2

cubic

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x 2 + x 4 = 7 x 2 2 x + 9

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2 y + 5 x 3 + 4 x y = 5 x y + 2 y

quadratic

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8 a + 2 b = 4 b 8

linear

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2 x 5 8 x 2 + 9 x + 4 = 12 x 4 + 3 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 1

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x + 3 x 5 = x + 2 x 5

fifth degree

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3 x 2 y 4 + 2 x 8 y = 14

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10 a 2 b 3 c 6 d 0 e 4 + 27 a 3 b 2 b 4 b 3 b 2 c 5 = 1 , d 0

19th degree

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The expression 4 x 3 9 x 7 is not a polynomial because

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The expression a 4 7 a is not a polynomial because

. . . there is a variable in the denominator

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Is every algebraic expression a polynomial expression? If not, give an example of an algebraic expression that is not a polynomial expression.

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Is every polynomial expression an algebraic expression? If not, give an example of a polynomial expression that is not an algebraic expression.

yes

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How do we find the degree of a term that contains more than one variable?

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Exercises for review

( [link] ) Use algebraic notation to write “eleven minus three times a number is five.”

11 3 x = 5

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( [link] ) Simplify ( x 4 y 2 z 3 ) 5 .

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( [link] ) Find the value of z if z = x u s and x = 55 , u = 49 , and s = 3 .

z = 2

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( [link] ) List, if any should appear, the common factors in the expression 3 x 4 + 6 x 3 18 x 2 .

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( [link] ) State (by writing it) the relationship being expressed by the equation y = 3 x + 5 .

The value of y is 5 more then three times the value of  x .

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Questions & Answers

how did you get 1640
Noor Reply
If auger is pair are the roots of equation x2+5x-3=0
Peter Reply
Wayne and Dennis like to ride the bike path from Riverside Park to the beach. Dennis’s speed is seven miles per hour faster than Wayne’s speed, so it takes Wayne 2 hours to ride to the beach while it takes Dennis 1.5 hours for the ride. Find the speed of both bikers.
MATTHEW Reply
420
Sharon
from theory: distance [miles] = speed [mph] × time [hours] info #1 speed_Dennis × 1.5 = speed_Wayne × 2 => speed_Wayne = 0.75 × speed_Dennis (i) info #2 speed_Dennis = speed_Wayne + 7 [mph] (ii) use (i) in (ii) => [...] speed_Dennis = 28 mph speed_Wayne = 21 mph
George
Let W be Wayne's speed in miles per hour and D be Dennis's speed in miles per hour. We know that W + 7 = D and W * 2 = D * 1.5. Substituting the first equation into the second: W * 2 = (W + 7) * 1.5 W * 2 = W * 1.5 + 7 * 1.5 0.5 * W = 7 * 1.5 W = 7 * 3 or 21 W is 21 D = W + 7 D = 21 + 7 D = 28
Salma
Devon is 32 32​​ years older than his son, Milan. The sum of both their ages is 54 54​. Using the variables d d​ and m m​ to represent the ages of Devon and Milan, respectively, write a system of equations to describe this situation. Enter the equations below, separated by a comma.
Aaron Reply
find product (-6m+6) ( 3m²+4m-3)
SIMRAN Reply
-42m²+60m-18
Salma
what is the solution
bill
how did you arrive at this answer?
bill
-24m+3+3mÁ^2
Susan
i really want to learn
Amira
I only got 42 the rest i don't know how to solve it. Please i need help from anyone to help me improve my solving mathematics please
Amira
Hw did u arrive to this answer.
Aphelele
hi
Bajemah
-6m(3mA²+4m-3)+6(3mA²+4m-3) =-18m²A²-24m²+18m+18mA²+24m-18 Rearrange like items -18m²A²-24m²+42m+18A²-18
Salma
complete the table of valuesfor each given equatio then graph. 1.x+2y=3
Jovelyn Reply
x=3-2y
Salma
y=x+3/2
Salma
Hi
Enock
given that (7x-5):(2+4x)=8:7find the value of x
Nandala
3x-12y=18
Kelvin
please why isn't that the 0is in ten thousand place
Grace Reply
please why is it that the 0is in the place of ten thousand
Grace
Send the example to me here and let me see
Stephen
A meditation garden is in the shape of a right triangle, with one leg 7 feet. The length of the hypotenuse is one more than the length of one of the other legs. Find the lengths of the hypotenuse and the other leg
Marry Reply
how far
Abubakar
cool u
Enock
state in which quadrant or on which axis each of the following angles given measure. in standard position would lie 89°
Abegail Reply
hello
BenJay
hi
Method
I am eliacin, I need your help in maths
Rood
how can I help
Sir
hmm can we speak here?
Amoon
however, may I ask you some questions about Algarba?
Amoon
hi
Enock
what the last part of the problem mean?
Roger
The Jones family took a 15 mile canoe ride down the Indian River in three hours. After lunch, the return trip back up the river took five hours. Find the rate, in mph, of the canoe in still water and the rate of the current.
cameron Reply
Shakir works at a computer store. His weekly pay will be either a fixed amount, $925, or $500 plus 12% of his total sales. How much should his total sales be for his variable pay option to exceed the fixed amount of $925.
mahnoor Reply
I'm guessing, but it's somewhere around $4335.00 I think
Lewis
12% of sales will need to exceed 925 - 500, or 425 to exceed fixed amount option. What amount of sales does that equal? 425 ÷ (12÷100) = 3541.67. So the answer is sales greater than 3541.67. Check: Sales = 3542 Commission 12%=425.04 Pay = 500 + 425.04 = 925.04. 925.04 > 925.00
Munster
difference between rational and irrational numbers
Arundhati Reply
When traveling to Great Britain, Bethany exchanged $602 US dollars into £515 British pounds. How many pounds did she receive for each US dollar?
Jakoiya Reply
how to reduced echelon form
Solomon Reply
Jazmine trained for 3 hours on Saturday. She ran 8 miles and then biked 24 miles. Her biking speed is 4 mph faster than her running speed. What is her running speed?
Zack Reply
d=r×t the equation would be 8/r+24/r+4=3 worked out
Sheirtina
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. May 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10614/1.3
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