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By the end of this section, you will be able to:
  • Solve equations using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality
  • Solve equations that need to be simplified
  • Translate an equation and solve
  • Translate and solve applications

Before you get started, take this readiness quiz.

  1. Solve: n 12 = 16 .
    If you missed this problem, review Solve Equations with the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality .
  2. Translate into algebra ‘five less than x .’
    If you missed this problem, review Evaluate, Simplify and Translate Expressions .
  3. Is x = 2 a solution to 5 x 3 = 7 ?
    If you missed this problem, review Solve Equations with the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality .

We are now ready to “get to the good stuff.” You have the basics down and are ready to begin one of the most important topics in algebra: solving equations. The applications are limitless and extend to all careers and fields. Also, the skills and techniques you learn here will help improve your critical thinking and problem-solving skills. This is a great benefit of studying mathematics and will be useful in your life in ways you may not see right now.

Solve equations using the subtraction and addition properties of equality

We began our work solving equations in previous chapters. It has been a while since we have seen an equation    , so we will review some of the key concepts before we go any further.

We said that solving an equation is like discovering the answer to a puzzle. The purpose in solving an equation is to find the value or values of the variable that make each side of the equation the same. Any value of the variable that makes the equation true is called a solution to the equation. It is the answer to the puzzle.

Solution of an equation

A solution of an equation    is a value of a variable that makes a true statement when substituted into the equation.

In the earlier sections, we listed the steps to determine if a value is a solution. We restate them here.

Determine whether a number is a solution to an equation.

  1. Substitute the number for the variable in the equation.
  2. Simplify the expressions on both sides of the equation.
  3. Determine whether the resulting equation is true.
    • If it is true, the number is a solution.
    • If it is not true, the number is not a solution.

Determine whether y = 3 4 is a solution for 4 y + 3 = 8 y .

Solution

.
. .
Multiply. .
Add. .

Since y = 3 4 results in a true equation, 3 4 is a solution to the equation 4 y + 3 = 8 y .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Is y = 2 3 a solution for 9 y + 2 = 6 y ?

no

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Is y = 2 5 a solution for 5 y 3 = 10 y ?

no

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

We introduced the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality in Solving Equations Using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality . In that section, we modeled how these properties work and then applied them to solving equations with whole numbers. We used these properties again each time we introduced a new system of numbers. Let’s review those properties here.

Subtraction and addition properties of equality

Subtraction Property of Equality

For all real numbers a , b , and c , if a = b , then a c = b c .

Addition Property of Equality

For all real numbers a , b , and c , if a = b , then a + c = b + c .

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Source:  OpenStax, Prealgebra. OpenStax CNX. Jul 15, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11756/1.9
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