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| 61. | lung bud | median dome that forms from the endoderm of the foregut |
| 62. | lung | organ of the respiratory system that performs gas exchange |
| 63. | meatus | one of three recesses (superior, middle, and inferior) in the nasal cavity attached to the conchae that increase the surface area of the nasal cavity |
| 64. | naris | (plural: nares) opening of the nostrils |
| 65. | nasal bone | bone of the skull that lies under the root and bridge of the nose and is connected to the frontal and maxillary bones |
| 66. | nasal septum | wall composed of bone and cartilage that separates the left and right nasal cavities |
| 67. | nasopharynx | portion of the pharynx flanked by the conchae and oropharynx that serves as an airway |
| 68. | olfactory pit | invaginated ectodermal tissue in the anterior portion of the head region of an embryo that will form the nasal cavity |
| 69. | oropharynx | portion of the pharynx flanked by the nasopharynx, oral cavity, and laryngopharynx that is a passageway for both air and food |
| 70. | oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve | graph that describes the relationship of partial pressure to the binding and disassociation of oxygen to and from heme |
| 71. | oxyhemoglobin | (Hb-O2) bound form of hemoglobin and oxygen |
| 72. | palatine tonsil | one of the paired structures composed of lymphoid tissue located anterior to the uvula at the roof of isthmus of the fauces |
| 73. | paranasal sinus | one of the cavities within the skull that is connected to the conchae that serve to warm and humidify incoming air, produce mucus, and lighten the weight of the skull; consists of frontal, maxillary, sphenoidal, and ethmoidal sinuses |
| 74. | parietal pleura | outermost layer of the pleura that connects to the thoracic wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm |
| 75. | partial pressure | force exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases |
| 76. | peripheral chemoreceptor | one of the specialized receptors located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries that sense changes in pH, carbon dioxide, or oxygen blood levels |
| 77. | pharyngeal tonsil | structure composed of lymphoid tissue located in the nasopharynx |
| 78. | pharynx | region of the conducting zone that forms a tube of skeletal muscle lined with respiratory epithelium; located between the nasal conchae and the esophagus and trachea |
| 79. | philtrum | concave surface of the face that connects the apex of the nose to the top lip |
| 80. | pleural cavity | space between the visceral and parietal pleurae |
| 81. | pleural fluid | substance that acts as a lubricant for the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura during the movement of breathing |
| 82. | pneumotaxic center | network of neurons within the pons that inhibit the activity of the neurons in the dorsal respiratory group; controls rate of breathing |
| 83. | pulmonary artery | artery that arises from the pulmonary trunk and carries deoxygenated, arterial blood to the alveoli |
| 84. | pulmonary plexus | network of autonomic nervous system fibers found near the hilum of the lung |
| 85. | pulmonary surfactant | substance composed of phospholipids and proteins that reduces the surface tension of the alveoli; made by type II alveolar cells |
| 86. | pulmonary ventilation | exchange of gases between the lungs and the atmosphere; breathing quiet breathing (also, eupnea) mode of breathing that occurs at rest and does not require the cognitive thought of the individual |
| 87. | residual volume | (RV) amount of air that remains in the lungs after maximum exhalation |
| 88. | respiratory bronchiole | specific type of bronchiole that leads to alveolar sacs |
| 89. | respiratory cycle | one sequence of inspiration and expiration |
| 90. | respiratory epithelium | ciliated lining of much of the conducting zone that is specialized to remove debris and pathogens, and produce mucus |
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