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| 31. | femoropatellar joint | portion of the knee joint consisting of the articulation between the distal femur and the patella |
| 32. | fibrous joint | joint where the articulating areas of the adjacent bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue |
| 33. | fibular collateral ligament | extrinsic ligament of the knee joint that spans from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula; resists hyperextension and rotation of the extended knee |
| 34. | flexion | movement in the sagittal plane that decreases the angle of a joint (bends the joint); motion involving anterior bending of the vertebral column |
| 35. | fontanelles | expanded areas of fibrous connective tissue that separate the braincase bones of the skull prior to birth and during the first year after birth |
| 36. | glenohumeral joint | shoulder joint; articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and head of the humerus; multiaxial ball-and-socket joint that allows for flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and medial/ lateral rotation of the humerus |
| 37. | glenohumeral ligament | one of the three intrinsic ligaments of the shoulder joint that strengthen the anterior articular capsule |
| 38. | glenoid labrum | lip of fibrocartilage located around the outside margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula |
| 39. | gomphosis | type of fibrous joint in which the root of a tooth is anchored into its bony jaw socket by strong periodontal ligaments |
| 40. | hinge joint | synovial joint at which the convex surface of one bone articulates with the concave surface of a second bone; includes the elbow, knee, ankle, and interphalangeal joints; functionally classified as a uniaxial joint |
| 41. | humeroradial joint | articulation between the capitulum of the humerus and head of the radius |
| 42. | humeroulnar joint | articulation between the trochlea of humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna; uniaxial hinge joint that allows for flexion/extension of the forearm |
| 43. | hyperextension | excessive extension of joint, beyond the normal range of movement |
| 44. | hyperflexion | excessive flexion of joint, beyond the normal range of movement |
| 45. | iliofemoral ligament | intrinsic ligament spanning from the ilium of the hip bone to the femur, on the superior-anterior aspect of the hip joint |
| 46. | inferior rotation | movement of the scapula during upper limb adduction in which the glenoid cavity of the scapula moves in a downward direction as the medial end of the scapular spine moves in an upward direction |
| 47. | interosseous membrane | wide sheet of fibrous connective tissue that fills the gap between two parallel bones, forming a syndesmosis; found between the radius and ulna of the forearm and between the tibia and fibula of the leg |
| 48. | intracapsular ligament | ligament that is located within the articular capsule of a synovial joint |
| 49. | intrinsic ligament | ligament that is fused to or incorporated into the wall of the articular capsule of a synovial joint |
| 50. | inversion | foot movement involving the intertarsal joints of the foot in which the bottom of the foot is turned toward the midline |
| 51. | ischiofemoral ligament | intrinsic ligament spanning from the ischium of the hip bone to the femur, on the posterior aspect of the hip joint |
| 52. | joint cavity | space enclosed by the articular capsule of a synovial joint that is filled with synovial fluid and contains the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones |
| 53. | joint interzone | site within a growing embryonic limb bud that will become a synovial joint |
| 54. | joint | site at which two or more bones or bone and cartilage come together (articulate) |
| 55. | lateral (external) rotation | movement of the arm at the shoulder joint or the thigh at the hip joint that moves the anterior surface of the limb away from the midline of the body |
| 56. | lateral excursion | side-to-side movement of the mandible away from the midline, toward either the right or left side |
| 57. | lateral flexion | bending of the neck or body toward the right or left side |
| 58. | lateral meniscus | C-shaped fibrocartilage articular disc located at the knee, between the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral condyle of the tibia |
| 59. | lateral tibiofemoral joint | portion of the knee consisting of the articulation between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the lateral condyle of the femur; allows for flexion/extension at the knee |
| 60. | ligament of the head of the femur | intracapsular ligament that runs from the acetabulum of the hip bone to the head of the femur |
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