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| 31. | brachial artery | continuation of the axillary artery in the brachium; supplies blood to much of the brachial region; gives off several smaller branches that provide blood to the posterior surface of the arm in the region of the elbow; bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries at the coronoid fossa |
| 32. | brachial vein | deeper vein of the arm that forms from the radial and ulnar veins in the lower arm; leads to the axillary vein |
| 33. | brachiocephalic artery | single vessel located on the right side of the body; the first vessel branching from the aortic arch; gives rise to the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery; supplies blood to the head, neck, upper limb, and wall of the thoracic region |
| 34. | brachiocephalic vein | one of a pair of veins that form from a fusion of the external and internal jugular veins and the subclavian vein; subclavian, external and internal jugulars, vertebral, and internal thoracic veins lead to it; drains the upper thoracic region and flows into the superior vena cava |
| 35. | bronchial artery | systemic branch from the aorta that provides oxygenated blood to the lungs in addition to the pulmonary circuit |
| 36. | bronchial vein | drains the systemic circulation from the lungs and leads to the azygos vein |
| 37. | capacitance vessels | veins |
| 38. | capacitance | ability of a vein to distend and store blood |
| 39. | capillary bed | network of 10-100 capillaries connecting arterioles to venules |
| 40. | capillary hydrostatic pressure | (CHP) force blood exerts against a capillary |
| 41. | capillary | smallest of blood vessels where physical exchange occurs between the blood and tissue cells surrounded by interstitial fluid |
| 42. | cardiogenic shock | type of shock that results from the inability of the heart to maintain cardiac output |
| 43. | carotid sinuses | small pockets near the base of the internal carotid arteries that are the locations of the baroreceptors and chemoreceptors that trigger a reflex that aids in the regulation of vascular homeostasis |
| 44. | cavernous sinus | enlarged vein that receives blood from most of the other cerebral veins and the eye socket, and leads to the petrosal sinus |
| 45. | celiac trunk | (also, celiac artery) major branch of the abdominal aorta; gives rise to the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery that forms the hepatic artery to the liver, the right gastric artery to the stomach, and the cystic artery to the gall bladder |
| 46. | cephalic vein | superficial vessel in the upper arm; leads to the axillary vein |
| 47. | cerebrovascular accident | (CVA) blockage of blood flow to the brain; also called a stroke |
| 48. | circle of Willis | (also, arterial circle) anastomosis located at the base of the brain that ensures continual blood supply; formed from branches of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries; supplies blood to the brain |
| 49. | circulatory shock | also simply called shock; a life-threatening medical condition in which the circulatory system is unable to supply enough blood flow to provide adequate oxygen and other nutrients to the tissues to maintain cellular metabolism |
| 50. | common carotid artery | right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic artery, and the left common carotid arises from the aortic arch; gives rise to the external and internal carotid arteries; supplies the respective sides of the head and neck |
| 51. | common hepatic artery | branch of the celiac trunk that forms the hepatic artery, the right gastric artery, and the cystic artery |
| 52. | common iliac artery | branch of the aorta that leads to the internal and external iliac arteries |
| 53. | common iliac vein | one of a pair of veins that flows into the inferior vena cava at the level of L5; the left common iliac vein drains the sacral region; divides into external and internal iliac veins near the inferior portion of the sacroiliac joint |
| 54. | compliance | degree to which a blood vessel can stretch as opposed to being rigid |
| 55. | continuous capillary | most common type of capillary, found in virtually all tissues except epithelia and cartilage; contains very small gaps in the endothelial lining that permit exchange |
| 56. | cystic artery | branch of the common hepatic artery; supplies blood to the gall bladder |
| 57. | deep femoral artery | branch of the femoral artery; gives rise to the lateral circumflex arteries |
| 58. | deep femoral vein | drains blood from the deeper portions of the thigh and leads to the femoral vein |
| 59. | descending aorta | portion of the aorta that continues downward past the end of the aortic arch; subdivided into the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta |
| 60. | diastolic pressure | lower number recorded when measuring arterial blood pressure; represents the minimal value corresponding to the pressure that remains during ventricular relaxation |
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